INFANT HEALTH (Perinatal)
Sudden Unexpected Infant Death (SUID)
Learn how to keep your baby safe to sleep with the ABCs
A Sudden Unexpected Infant Death is the death of a previously healthy infant <365 days old with:
Cause of death ICD-10 classification:
•Accidental Suffocation and Strangulation in Bed- ASSB. (W75)
•Sudden Infant Death Syndrome- SIDS. (R95)
•Unknown (R99)
•Manner of death classification:
•Natural
•Accident
•Undetermined
•Cause of death: ‘The disease or injury that initiates a chain of events, brief or prolonged, which produces a fatal outcome’
•Manner of death: ‘A classification of the way in which the cause of death came about, specifically, natural, homicidal, suicidal, or accidental’
American Academy of Pediatrics Recommendations
The AAP began recommending infant supine sleep position in 1992 and expanded safe sleep guidance in 2011 and 2016:
-Avoid prenatal and postpartum tobacco smoke exposure
-Promote breastfeeding
-Avoid over-dressing infants /hyperthermia
-Avoid bed sharing and practice room sharing (same room, separate sleep surface)
-Promote firm uncluttered sleep surface, and remove soft, blankets, cushions and hazardous materials from the bed
-Promote infant sleep in crib, cradle or bassinet
-Promote timely and adequate Prenatal care utilization
•2016- most recent recommendations released
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2016/10/20/peds.2016-2938
New Mexico SUID Registry
The CDC SUID registry was established to:
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Monitor SUID trends and characteristics that may affect the risk of SUID, such as infant sleep position. Monitoring SUID rates is vital to identifying new risk factors and tracking progress toward reducing SUID.
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Improve the quality and consistency of SUID investigation data. This activity helps standardize the process of determining cause of death. As a result, states are able to more accurately monitor SUID rates and develop informed prevention activities.
New Mexico SUID rate, 2012-2019 (deaths per 1,000 live births)
NM Vital Records, NM-IBIS
NM SUID Rate by Year (deaths per 100,000 live births)
NM SUID Rate* by Race/Ethnicity,
2005-2014
*Numerator Child race/ethnicity available through CDR Registry; Denominator, NM- IBIS, NMVRHS
Other race/ethnicity categories excluded due to small numbers; SUID case source: National CDR and NM Vital Records
2005-2015 CASES, NM SUID registry
Number of SUID Cases
244 SUID cases were recorded from 2005-2015; Data source: National Child Death Registry/Office of the Medical Investigator
Distribution of SUIDs by age at death,
2005-2015
Source: National CDR
Distribution of SUIDs by gender, 2005-2015
NM SUIDs by sleep surface, 2009-11 and 2012-15
Prevalence of Bed Sharing among SUIDs by Race/Ethnicity, 2005-2015
•NM PRAMS is a survey of ~1/12 NM resident women with live birth
•Exclusions include out- of -state births and out- of- state residents, known adoption and multiple births greater than triplet
•Response ranged between 65 and 67% for 2012-2014 births
•Data weighted to NM Vital Records annual birth file (adjusted for non-response and demographics of response population)
New Mexico Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System Results
2012-2014 infant sleep indicators, NM PRAMS
•Sleep indicator analysis limited to women whose infant was alive and living with mom at the time of the survey (n=3906)
•Infant sleep position (supine/not supine)
•Infant sleep surface (crib/cradle/bassinet, adult bed with another person, adult bed or other sleep surface, couch, car seat, adult bed alone)
•Materials in infant sleep area (toys, blankets, pillows, firm mattress)
Distribution of usual infant sleep surface,
2012-2014 births
Infant sleep surface by maternal ethnicity
Infant sleep surface by maternal age
Infant sleep environment by AAP recommendations, 2012-2014
Composite by geography- percent practicing AAP recommendations,
excluding breastfeeding
Composite by geography- percent practicing AAP recommendations, including breastfeeding
References
1."AAP Expands Guidelines for Infant Sleep Safety and SIDS Risk Reduction." American Academy of Pediatrics. American Academy of Pediatrics (2016).
2.Shapiro-Mendoza, C. K., L. T. Camperlengo, S. Y. Kim, and T. Covington. "The Sudden Unexpected Infant Death Case Registry: A Method to Improve Surveillance." Pediatrics 129.2 (2012).
3.Shapiro-Mendoza, C. K., M. Kimball, K. M. Tomashek, R. N. Anderson, and S. Blanding. "US Infant Mortality Trends Attributable to Accidental Suffocation and Strangulation in Bed From 1984 Through 2004: Are Rates Increasing?" Pediatrics 123.2 (2009).
4.“Sudden Unexpected Infant Death." The National Center for the Review and Prevention of Child Deaths. https://www.childdeathreview.org/about-us/other-center-programs/suid-c/.
5.Vennemann, M., T. Bajanowski, B. Brinkmann, G. Jorch, K. Yucesan, C. Sauerland, and E.a. Mitchell. "Does Breastfeeding Reduce the Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome?" Pediatrics 123.3 (2009).